Key Takeaways
- Portugal offers two main residency routes in 2026: the income-based D7 Visa and the investment-based Golden Visa, each serving different lifestyle and mobility objectives.
- The D7 Visa suits people who plan to relocate to Portugal full-time, spend most of the year there, and rely on stable passive income from abroad.
- The Golden Visa suits investors who want a flexible Plan B in Portugal, minimal stay requirements, and visa-free travel across the Schengen Area while keeping their main base elsewhere.
- Both visas can lead to permanent residency after five years and, under the October 2025 citizenship framework, potential Portuguese citizenship after ten years of legal residence (seven for CPLP and EU nationals), subject to language and other legal requirements.
- VIDA Capital supports investors through the Golden Visa process with tailored advisory services and the VIDA Fund; speak with the VIDA Capital team to explore your options.
Why Portugal for EU Residency? A Strategic Choice for HNWIs
Portugal offers political stability, safety, and a favorable residency framework for high-net-worth individuals and their families. The Global Peace Index ranks Portugal as the 7th safest country in the world. This environment, combined with a mild climate and established expat communities, supports long-term relocation and Plan B strategies.
Tourism and hospitality help anchor Portugal’s economy. The country welcomed a record 31 million visitors in 2024, generating €27 billion in tourism revenue. Co-hosting the 2030 FIFA World Cup is projected to add more than €800 million in economic impact. These trends support long-term demand for quality hospitality assets and services.
Portuguese residency grants the right to live, work, and study in Portugal, as well as visa-free travel across the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. Once you obtain a Portuguese passport, you gain the right to live, work, and study, and to access public healthcare and education, in any EU or Schengen Zone country.
Secure Portuguese residency and a future path to EU citizenship with a Portugal Golden Visa structured around your family’s long-term goals.
The Portugal D7 Visa: Non-Lucrative Residency for Relocators
Understanding the D7 Visa: Purpose and Profile
The D7 Visa, often referred to as the Non-Lucrative Residency Visa, targets people with predictable passive income who intend to relocate to Portugal full-time. Typical applicants include retirees, remote workers with foreign-source income, and individuals with significant passive income streams. The D7 does not allow employment in Portugal, so applicants usually rely on pensions, dividends, or other income from outside the country.
Key Requirements for D7 Visa Application
D7 applicants must show passive income at least equal to Portugal’s minimum wage, currently around €760 per month, plus 50% for each dependent family member. Common income sources include:
- Pensions and annuities
- Rental income from properties abroad
- Dividends and interest
- Other verifiable passive income
Applicants must also demonstrate access to funds in a bank account, provide proof of accommodation in Portugal, and submit supporting documents at the Portuguese consulate before converting the visa into a residency permit with AIMA in Portugal. Legal support is highly recommended to manage documentation, family inclusion, and timing.
Lifestyle, Obligations, and Path to Portuguese Citizenship with the D7
D7 residents typically spend at least 183 days per year in Portugal, which usually makes them Portuguese tax residents and may affect global tax exposure. This route suits people who want Portugal as their primary home rather than a backup base.
After five years of legal residence and compliance with stay and documentation requirements, D7 holders can apply for permanent residency. Under the citizenship rules approved in October 2025, applicants can apply for citizenship after ten years of legal residence, or seven years for CPLP nationals and EU citizens, if they meet language and other legal criteria.
The Portugal Golden Visa: Investment Residency for Global Mobility
What is the Golden Visa? An Overview of Investment Residency
The Portugal Golden Visa is a residency-by-investment program that allows non-EU nationals to obtain Portuguese residency by making a qualifying investment in Portugal. Many investors use it as a flexible Plan B, maintaining their main home elsewhere while securing residency rights and Schengen mobility for themselves and eligible family members.
Investment Route: Fund Investments for the Golden Visa
Legislative changes in October 2023 narrowed Golden Visa eligibility to specific investment categories, with fund investments now the primary route. The most common option is a minimum €500,000 investment in a qualifying fund that focuses on Portuguese assets and complies with local regulation.
Regulated funds can offer diversification, professional management, and structured oversight that individual investors may find difficult to replicate on their own. A specialized lawyer is essential to review fund documentation, confirm eligibility, and submit the Golden Visa application correctly.
The VIDA Fund Advantage: Asset-Backed Hospitality Investments
The VIDA Fund focuses on asset-backed hospitality opportunities in Portugal, buying existing hotels and hospitality assets and giving them a second life through operational and physical improvements. This strategy links investor capital to tangible assets in a sector supported by long-term tourism trends. Forecasts indicate that travel and tourism could represent 22.6% of Portugal’s GDP by 2035.
VIDA Capital, an advisory firm, offers direct, transparent communication with investors in the VIDA Fund and coordinates closely with independent legal partners throughout the Golden Visa process. The VIDA Fund’s historical returns reflect its hospitality expertise, but historical returns are not a guarantee of future returns.
Minimal Obligations and Path to Portuguese Citizenship with the Golden Visa
Golden Visa holders must spend at least 14 days in Portugal in each two-year residency period. This low requirement allows investors to maintain global business interests while keeping their Portuguese residency active.
Golden Visa residents do not automatically become Portuguese tax residents and usually retain their existing tax base unless they start spending extended periods in Portugal. After five years of maintaining the qualifying investment and meeting stay requirements, they can apply for permanent residency. Under the October 2025 rules, they can then apply for Portuguese citizenship after ten years of legal residence, or seven years for CPLP and EU nationals, if they satisfy language and other legal conditions.
Head-to-Head Comparison: Portugal D7 Visa vs. Golden Visa
Criteria Breakdown for Informed Residency Choices
|
Criteria |
Portugal D7 Visa |
Portugal Golden Visa |
|
Primary goal |
Residency for relocators with passive income |
Investment-based residency for a flexible Plan B |
|
Investment requirement |
None (income-based) |
€500,000 minimum fund investment |
|
Income requirement |
About €760+ monthly passive income |
Sufficient capital to invest and maintain the fund position |
|
Minimum stay |
Usually 183+ days per year |
14 days every two years |
|
Intent to relocate |
Primary residence in Portugal |
Relocation optional |
|
Tax residency |
Typically becomes Portuguese tax resident |
Only if extended stays in Portugal |
|
Permanent residency |
After 5 years |
After 5 years |
|
Citizenship timeline |
10 years of legal residence (7 for CPLP/EU nationals) |
10 years of legal residence (7 for CPLP/EU nationals) |
|
Global mobility |
More limited due to long stays in Portugal |
High flexibility with minimal stay requirement |
|
Family inclusion |
Spouse or partner and dependent children |
Spouse or partner, dependent children, and dependent parents |
|
Application complexity |
Moderate |
Higher, due to investment and legal review |
|
Best suited for |
Retirees and remote workers relocating to Portugal |
HNWIs seeking a long-term Plan B without full relocation |
In both routes, family members can join as dependents. Document-wise, applicants can use a marriage certificate or other recognized proof of relationship for spouses or partners. Children must remain unmarried, not employed, and usually enrolled as full-time students to qualify as dependents throughout the residency program.
Deciding Your Path: Aligning the Visa to Your Goals
Choose the D7 Visa If You Plan to Relocate
The D7 fits applicants who want Portugal as their main home, appreciate a quieter pace of life, and have reliable passive income. This route makes sense for retirees and remote professionals who are comfortable becoming Portugal tax residents and spending most of the year there.
Choose the Golden Visa If You Prioritize Flexibility
The Golden Visa suits investors who want a long-term Plan B with minimal disruption to their current lifestyle. It is especially relevant for families who wish to secure Portuguese residency and, in time, a path to citizenship for the next generation, without moving immediately.
Portugal is one of the only European countries that still offers a realistic path from investment-based residency to citizenship without mandatory relocation. Spain has ended its Golden Visa program, and Greece requires seven years of living there, and paying taxes, to qualify for citizenship. Portugal’s 14-day every two years stay requirement keeps the program competitive for long-term contingency planning.
Discuss a Portugal Golden Visa strategy tailored to your family’s objectives with VIDA Capital.
Expert Guidance: Navigating Your Golden Visa or D7 Application
Both visa types involve multiple steps, and a specialized lawyer is essential at every stage. Legal counsel prepares and submits your application, manages communication with AIMA, and handles renewals of your temporary residency card every two years. As the approval card issuance usually takes a year, you will most likely only need to do a single renewal instead of two in the 5-year period.
The Golden Visa process usually spans 12 to 18 months from initial investment to receiving the first residency card. D7 applications tend to close faster but still benefit from legal oversight, especially for family inclusion and tax planning.
VIDA Capital focuses on Golden Visa advisory services. The team helps investors understand the VIDA Fund, coordinates with independent law firms, and provides clear information about costs, risks, and documentation. Historical returns of the VIDA Fund are not a guarantee of future returns.
Frequently Asked Questions About Portuguese Residency
Can I switch from a D7 Visa to a Golden Visa, or the other way around?
Switching between programs is possible but complex. D7 residents who later prefer an investment-based route must apply for the Golden Visa separately, with a qualifying fund investment and full documentation. Golden Visa holders who decide to relocate full-time can apply for a D7 if they meet income and residence criteria. Any change can affect future citizenship timelines, so legal advice is crucial before making a move.
How do tax considerations differ between the D7 and Golden Visa?
D7 residents usually become Portuguese tax residents, with worldwide income potentially in scope for Portuguese taxation. Golden Visa holders can often keep their existing tax base by limiting time spent in Portugal. Both routes require careful coordination with tax advisors in Portugal and in the applicant’s home country.
What makes Portugal’s Golden Visa attractive compared with other countries?
Portugal combines low minimum stay requirements, a clear route to permanent residency, and a long-term path to citizenship. Golden Visa residents can live, work, and study in Portugal and travel visa-free across the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. Once they obtain Portuguese citizenship, they gain full rights to live, work, and study, and to access public healthcare and education, across the EU and Schengen Zone.
Contact VIDA Capital to assess whether the D7 or the Portugal Golden Visa, through the VIDA Fund, better fits your 2026 residency and citizenship plans.