Key Takeaways
- The Portuguese Golden Visa grants the right to live, work, and study in Portugal only, while also allowing visa-free travel across the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.
- The card does not grant work rights in other EU countries, but it creates a pathway to Portuguese citizenship, which then allows you to live, work, study, and access public healthcare and education across the European Union.
- Portugal’s Golden Visa in 2026 remains one of the only European options that offers a path to citizenship without full relocation, with a 14-day stay requirement every two years and a typical overall process of 12 to 18 months.
- The current rules require a minimum €500,000 investment in an eligible investment fund, so choosing a suitable fund and having a Portuguese lawyer guiding each legal and procedural step is essential.
- VIDA Capital, an advisory firm, supports investors in accessing the Portugal Golden Visa through the hospitality-focused VIDA Fund; contact VIDA Capital for tailored guidance.
Portuguese Golden Visa: Work Rights and EU Travel Explained
The Portuguese Golden Visa gives you the right to live, work, and study in Portugal. You can work for an employer, run your own business, or act as a director of a company, as long as your professional activity is based in Portugal.
This residency permit also allows visa-free travel within the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any rolling 180-day period. You can visit other Schengen countries for tourism, short business trips, or family visits, but you cannot use the Golden Visa to take a employment or establish residency in those countries.
Schengen travel rights differ from work rights. You enjoy freedom of movement for short stays across the Schengen Area, but your legal right to work remains limited to Portugal until you obtain Portuguese citizenship.
Portugal’s Golden Visa has a low physical presence requirement of only 14 days every two years. This makes it an effective Plan B for families who want European residency and mobility without full relocation.
EU Citizenship: Full Access to EU Work Rights
Portuguese citizenship changes your position from resident in one country to a citizen of the entire European Union. With a Portuguese passport, you gain the right to live, work, and study in any EU member state and to access public healthcare and education across the Union.
In October 2025, Portugal’s Parliament introduced new rules that extended the required period of residence for citizenship to 10 years. Nationals of Portuguese-language countries (CPLP) and EU citizens have a reduced requirement of seven years. This framework applies to Golden Visa holders unless they submitted a citizenship application before the new law was published.
Once you meet the residency requirement and other conditions, Portuguese citizenship gives you unrestricted work rights throughout the EU, far beyond the Portugal-only rights of the Golden Visa itself.
Secure Portuguese residency and a pathway to EU citizenship through the Portugal Golden Visa. VIDA Capital can connect you with suitable fund options and legal partners.
How Portugal’s Golden Visa Compares to Other European Options
Why Portugal Stands Out for Long-Term Flexibility
Portugal is currently one of the only European countries that offers a route to citizenship without requiring you to fully relocate. You must spend only 14 days in Portugal every two years to maintain your residency, as long as your qualifying investment remains in place.
This low physical presence requirement contrasts with other routes in Europe, where long-term residency or citizenship usually demands continuous residence and Portuguese tax residence in the country.
Greece Golden Visa: Stronger Residency Commitment
The Greece Golden Visa grants residency and work rights only within Greece. To secure long-term residency and citizenship, you must live there, typically spending at least 183 days per year, for 7 years and paying taxes during that period.
Greece therefore suits applicants who plan to relocate and base their lives primarily in the country, rather than those who prefer a flexible Plan B with minimal time on the ground.
Spain Golden Visa: Program Closed
Spain no longer offers a Golden Visa program. This closure has shifted more attention to Portugal’s Golden Visa, especially for applicants who seek a path to citizenship without full relocation. Spain now requires residence for maintaining long-term status, and there is no active investor residency program comparable to Portugal’s.
Investment Focus After the 2023 Legal Changes
After the October 2023 regulatory changes, Portugal requires a minimum €500,000 investment in eligible investment funds for Golden Visa purposes. Investments linked to personal properties no longer qualify.
This shift has increased demand for well-structured funds, such as the VIDA Fund, that comply with Golden Visa rules and focus on asset-backed investment strategies.
|
Feature |
Portugal Golden Visa |
Greece Golden Visa |
Spain Golden Visa |
|
EU Work Rights (Residency Phase) |
Only in Portugal |
Only in Greece |
Program discontinued |
|
Path to EU Citizenship |
Yes, after 10 years of residence |
Yes, after at least 7 years of residence and tax presence |
Not available |
|
Minimal Stay Requirement |
14 days every 2 years |
Significant stay required for long-term residency and citizenship |
Not applicable |
|
Relocation Required for Long-Term Status |
No |
Yes, to keep long-term residency and reach citizenship |
Yes, for long-term residency (program discontinued) |
Secure your Portuguese residency and preserve a future path to EU citizenship. Reach out to VIDA Capital to explore compliant fund options.
Portuguese Golden Visa Process with VIDA Capital
VIDA Capital is an advisory firm that supports investors who wish to access the Portugal Golden Visa through the VIDA Fund. The fund focuses on Portugal’s hospitality industry and follows an asset-backed strategy based on acquiring and transforming existing hospitality assets, giving these properties a second life. Historical returns are not a guarantee of future returns.
The Golden Visa process usually spans 12 to 18 months and involves several key stages, where support from a specialized Portuguese lawyer is essential.
Pre-application preparation
- Select a Portuguese law firm, with introductions often facilitated by VIDA Capital.
- Obtain a Portuguese tax number (NIF) and open a local bank account.
- Invest at least €500,000 in an eligible fund such as the VIDA Fund.
Application submission and biometrics
- Your lawyer files your online Golden Visa application and manages document collection.
- You attend a biometric appointment in Portugal when scheduled by the authorities.
Temporary residency permit and renewals
- When your Golden Visa is approved, you receive a temporary residency permit valid for 2 years, which grants work rights in Portugal and Schengen travel for short stays.
- You renew your permit for two additional 2-year periods, maintaining your investment and spending at least 14 days in Portugal every two years. As the approval card issuance usually takes around a year, you will most likely only need to do a single renewal instead of two in the 5-year period.
- At the 5-year mark, you can apply for permanent residency in Portugal if you wish to remain resident there.
Citizenship timeline
After 10 years of residence under the Golden Visa and subsequent residency permits, most applicants can apply for Portuguese citizenship if they meet all legal requirements. CPLP nationals and EU citizens may qualify after seven years under the updated rules.
Beyond the €500,000 investment, you should budget for government fees, legal fees (often in the €16,000 to €20,000 range for a family), and VIDA Fund subscription fees of 1% of the investment amount.
Frequently Asked Questions About EU Work Rights and the Golden Visa
What is the main difference between Portuguese Golden Visa work rights and EU citizenship work rights?
The Portuguese Golden Visa grants work rights only in Portugal, along with visa-free Schengen travel for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. Portuguese and EU citizenship grant the right to live, work, and study across all EU member states, with access to public healthcare and education throughout the Union.
Can I work in Germany or France with a Portuguese Golden Visa?
No. The Portuguese Golden Visa allows you to work only in Portugal. To work in Germany, France, or any other EU country during the residency phase, you need that country’s own work permit. Once you obtain Portuguese citizenship, you gain full EU work rights.
How does VIDA Capital help with securing future EU work rights?
VIDA Capital advises on Golden Visa strategies that use the VIDA Fund as the qualifying investment. By maintaining your investment and complying with residency rules over time, you can work toward Portuguese citizenship and, with it, EU-wide work rights. Historical returns of the VIDA Fund are not a guarantee of future returns.
Is relocation to Portugal required to keep my Golden Visa and progress toward citizenship?
No. You only need to spend 14 days in Portugal every two years to keep your Golden Visa active, as long as your investment remains eligible. This arrangement allows you to continue living elsewhere while building a long-term path to EU citizenship.
When does the 10-year citizenship clock start for Golden Visa holders?
For new applicants, the 10-year period for citizenship eligibility starts on the date your first Portuguese residency permit is issued. CPLP nationals and EU citizens may qualify after seven years, and the new law applies to Golden Visa applicants except those who had already submitted their citizenship applications before the October 2025 changes.
Secure your EU residency and preserve an option for EU-wide work rights through citizenship. Contact VIDA Capital for a detailed discussion of the Portugal Golden Visa and the VIDA Fund.
Conclusion: Building a Clear Path to EU Mobility in 2026
The Portuguese Golden Visa provides work rights only in Portugal during the residency phase, while Portuguese citizenship opens full work, study, and residence rights across the EU. Treating these as two distinct stages helps you plan your mobility and investment strategy for 2026 and beyond.
Portugal’s minimal stay requirement, combined with its clear fund-based investment rules and long-term path to citizenship, makes it a competitive choice for families seeking a structured Plan B in Europe. The VIDA Fund’s focus on acquiring and transforming hospitality assets, supported by VIDA Capital’s advisory role, offers an asset-backed investment framework for pursuing this goal, with the reminder that historical returns do not guarantee future results.
To explore whether the Portugal Golden Visa fits your family’s long-term plans, speak with VIDA Capital about the VIDA Fund and the application process.